Hebrew uses an ancient numbering system, in which each letter has a value and a number is indicated by a group of letters by adding their values. Nowadays this numbering system is used in Hebrew dates and in numbering items.
The numbers 15 and 16 use Tet instead of Yod for religious reasons.
Thousands are indicated separately. In dates, the thousands in the year number are normally omitted.
These letters are marked with Geresh if a single letter is used, Gershayim if more than one. These marks mean "not a word", and are used also for acronyms and abbreviations.
The same system is used to discover hidden meanings in the Bible and other books.
The table on the left shows the numerical values of each letter. The table on the right shows some examples.
Letter
Value
Number
Letters
Alef
1
1
Alef Geresh
Gimel
3
3
Gimel Geresh
Dalet
4
4
Dalet Geresh
He
5
5
He Geresh
Vav
6
6
Vav Geresh
Zayin
7
7
Zayin Geresh
Het
8
8
Het Geresh
Tet
9
9
Tet Geresh
Yod
10
10
Yod Geresh
Kaf
20
11
Yod Gershayim Alef
Lamed
30
14
Yod Gershayim Dalet
Mem
40
15
Tet Gershayim Vav
Nun
50
16
Tet Gershayim Zayin
Samekh
60
17
Yod Gershayim Zayin
Ayin
70
18
Yod Gershayim Zayin
Pe
80
20
Kaf Geresh
Tsadi
90
51
Nun Gershayim Alef
Qof
100
600
Tav Gershayim Resh
Resh
200
900
Tav Tav Gershayim Qof
Shin
300
5759
He Geresh Space Tav Shin Nun Gershayim Tet
Tav
400
5000
He Geresh Space Alef Lamed Pe Yod Final Mem
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